unicipal water systems
are also users of rainwater. It is just that the water they use
has come in contact with and traveled over and/or under the ground.
In this process the water dissolves and mixes with all sorts of
minerals and chemicals some hazardous (pesticides and fertilizers
from lawns and farming), some are just annoying (dissolved calcium
chloride and salts) which makes the water hard and leaves mineral
deposits in pipes and on surfaces. This raw water is then processed
by adding chemicals to treat pathogens and remove some of the hardness.
In the case of private water wells the mineral content can be extremely
high, making the water hardly fit for human consumption. Rainwater
collected from your properly constructed system will contain only
minimal amounts of minerals. Testing shows no chlorine, a pH between
6.2 and 6.8, and very low alkalinity. All in all the water is very
soft; a bar of soap can last for months! All other detergent usage
will be reduced as well. Besides, it just feels and tastes good.
round water is sometimes
heavy in minerals and not desirable in a domestic water source.
Municipal supplies are not always available and when they are, often
contain undesirable chemical additives.
ainwater collection
systems start out as a “large math problem”. Consumption,
collectable area, annual rainfall, and storage capacity all contribute
to the viability of a rainwater collection system. Size of collection
area and maximum rate of expected rainfall will determine which
filtering equipment will be needed. Estimated consumption will help
determine storage requirements.
| Table: Gallons per minute from roof area
@ rate of rain in inches per hour |
| |
|
Inches of Rain per Hour (IRpH) |
| Sq.Ft |
1/4 |
1/2 |
3/4 |
1 |
1 1/4 |
1 1/2 |
1 3/4 |
2 |
2 1/4 |
2 1/2 |
2 3/4 |
3 |
| Roof |
|
| 500 |
1.3 |
2.6 |
3.9 |
5.2 |
6.5 |
7.8 |
9.1 |
10.4 |
11.7 |
13.0 |
14.3 |
15.6 |
| 750 |
2.0 |
3.9 |
5.9 |
7.8 |
9.8 |
11.7 |
13.7 |
15.6 |
17.6 |
19.5 |
21.5 |
23.4 |
| 1000 |
2.6 |
5.2 |
7.8 |
10.4 |
13.0 |
15.6 |
18.2 |
20.8 |
23.4 |
26.0 |
28.6 |
31.2 |
| 1250 |
3.3 |
6.5 |
9.8 |
13.0 |
16.3 |
19.5 |
22.8 |
26.0 |
29.3 |
32.5 |
35.8 |
39.0 |
| 1500 |
3.9 |
7.8 |
11.7 |
15.6 |
19.5 |
23.4 |
27.3 |
31.2 |
5.1 |
39.0 |
42.9 |
46.8 |
| 1750 |
4.6 |
9.1 |
13.7 |
18.2 |
22.8 |
27.3 |
31.9 |
36.4 |
41.0 |
45.5 |
50.1 |
54.6 |
| 2000 |
5.2 |
10.4 |
15.6 |
20.8 |
26.0 |
31.2 |
36.4 |
41.6 |
46.8 |
52.0 |
57.2 |
62.4 |
| |
| 1 |
Table numbers represent gallons per minute i.e.
7.80 gal/min @ rainfall of 3/4 in/hr over 1000 sq. ft. of roof
area |
| 2 |
1000 sq. ft. Is recommended max. roof size per
4" dia downspout. |
| |
| Estimated Capture Efficiency for Downspout
Filter |
| |
| Gallons per Minute (GPM) |
|
| Minimum 24" of downspout above filter unit |
|
| |
| GPM |
|
GPM |
|
GPM |
|
Capture |
|
Equivalent to: |
|
| Total |
|
Lost |
|
Captured |
|
Rate |
|
IRpH on |
IRpH on |
|
|
Unfiltered |
Filtered |
|
1000sqft |
1500sqft |
|
| 5.52 |
|
0.3 |
|
5.2 |
|
95.06% |
|
1/2+ |
1/4+ |
|
| 15.87 |
|
2.2 |
|
13.7 |
|
86.30% |
|
1 1/2+ |
1+ |
|
| 19.19 |
|
4.1 |
|
15.1 |
|
78.76% |
|
1 3/4+ |
~1 1/4 |
|
| 31.93 |
|
14.0 |
|
18.0 |
|
56.30% |
|
3+ |
2+ |
|
|
|
|
| Most rain events are well below 2 IRpH, in fact
most are under 1 IRpH. Resulting in an |
| overall expected efficiency of over 90%, with no
loss of effectiveness. |
|
|
| |
| Approximate Collection Yield for Various
Roof Sizes per Inch of Rain |
| Note: Larger rainfall numbers may be used to estimate
annual harvest potential |
|
| |
| |
Roof Size in Square Feet (sqft). |
| |
500 |
1000 |
1500 |
2000 |
2500 |
3000 |
3500 |
4000 |
4500 |
5000 |
|
|
| Rainfall |
| 0.5 |
156 |
312 |
468 |
624 |
779 |
935 |
1091 |
1247 |
1403 |
1558.5 |
|
|
| 1.0 |
312 |
624 |
935 |
1247 |
1559 |
1871 |
2182 |
2494 |
2806 |
3117 |
|
|
| 2.0 |
623 |
1247 |
1870 |
2494 |
3117 |
3741 |
4364 |
4987 |
5611 |
6234 |
|
|
| 3.0 |
935 |
1871 |
2805 |
3741 |
4676 |
5612 |
6546 |
7481 |
8417 |
9351 |
|
|
| 4.0 |
1246 |
2494 |
3740 |
4988 |
6234 |
7482 |
8728 |
9974 |
11222 |
12468 |
|
|
| 5.0 |
1558 |
3118 |
4675 |
6235 |
7793 |
9353 |
10910 |
12468 |
14028 |
15585 |
|
|
| 10.0 |
3115 |
6235 |
9350 |
12470 |
15585 |
18705 |
21820 |
24935 |
28055 |
31170 |
|
|
| 20.0 |
6230 |
12470 |
18700 |
24940 |
31170 |
37410 |
43640 |
49870 |
56110 |
62340 |
|
|
| 30.0 |
9345 |
18705 |
28050 |
37410 |
46755 |
56115 |
65460 |
74805 |
84165 |
93510 |
|
|
| 40.0 |
12460 |
24940 |
37400 |
49880 |
62340 |
74820 |
87280 |
99740 |
112220 |
124680 |
|
|
|
| All information presented on this page is believed
to be accurate. Rainfilters of Texas does not guarantee the
accuracy of this information. |
| |
|
| Other helpful conversions: |
|
| |
|
| Volume |
|
| |
| 1 cubic foot (cf) = 7.48 gallons (gal) = 1,728
cubic inches (ci) |
| 1 cubic meter (m3)
= 35.3145 cf = 264.15 gal = 1,000 liters (ltr) |
| 1 gal = 3,785 cubic centimeters (cc) = 230.976
ci = 3.785 ltr |
| 1 ltr = 10 centimeters (cm) X 10 cm = 1,000 cc |
| 1 ltr per second = 15.85 GPM |
|
| Area |
|
| 1 square meter (sm) = 10.764 sqft |
ost domestic water
waste comes from irrigation of landscaping. It may take 1.6 gallons
to flush a toilet, while watering a sizeable lawn can take more
than 7,000 gallons for a single watering event, with the greatest
water demand during the summer when rainfall is sporadic.